The English Physitian, G-H, pp. 57-68

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GARLICK.

The offensivenes of the breath of him that hath eaten Garlick will leade you by the Nose to the knowledg hereof, and (instead of a description (direct you to the place wher it groweth in Gardens, which kinds are the best and most phisical.

Vertues and Use.

This was antiently accounted the Poormans Treacle, it beeing a remedy for all diseases or hurts (except those which it self breeds). It provoketh Urine and womens Courses, helpeth the biting of a Mad Dog and of other Venemous Creatures, killeth Worms in

[EDGENOTE:] Urine, Terms provokes, Mad Dogs, Venemous Beasts, Worms.

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Children, cutteth and avoydeth tough flegm purgeth the head, helpeth the Lethargie, is a good preservative against, a remedy for any Plague sore, or foul Ulcer: taketh away spots and blemishes in the Skin, easeth pains of the eares ripeneth and breaketh Impostumes or other swellings: And for all these diseases the Onyons are also effectual; But the Garlick hath some more peculiar vertues besides the former: viz. It hath a speciall quality to discuss the inconveniences coming by corrupt Agues or Mineral Vapours or by drinking corrupt and stinking waters; as also by taking of Wolfbane, Henbane, Hemlock, or other poysonfull and dangerous herbs. It is also held good in Hydropick diseases, the Jaundice, falling-sickness, Cramps, Convulsions, the piles or Hemorrhoids or other cold diseases.

[EDGENOTE:] Lethargy, Flegm, Pestilence, Apostums, Mineral vapors, Stinking Vapors, Henbane, Hemlock, Wolfbane, Dropsie, Cramps, Convulsions, Falling-sickness.

My Author quotes here many diseases this is good for, but conceals its vices: its heat is very vehement, and al vehement hot things send up but ill favor'd vapors to the brain; in chollerick men 'twil ad fuel to the fire, in men oppressed by melancholly t'wll attenuate the humor and send up strange fancies and as strange visions to the head, therfore let it be taken inwardly with great moderation, outwardly you may make more bold with it.

Mars owns the herb.

GERMANDER.

Description.

Common Germander shooteth forth sundry stalks with small and somwhat round leavs, dented about the edges: The Flowers stand at the tops, of a deep purple colour: The Root is composed of divers sprigs, which shoot forth a great way round about, quickly over spreading a ground.

Place.

It groweth usually with us in Gardens.

Time.

And flowreth in June or July.

Vertues and Use.

This taken with Honey (saith Dioscorides) is a remedy for Coughs for hardnes of the Spleen, and difficulty of Urin, & helpeth those that are fallen into a Dropsie, especially at the beginning of the disease, a Decoction being made therof when it is green & drunk: It also bringeth down Womens Courses and expelleth the dead child:

[EDGENOTE:] Cough, Spleen, Disury, Dropsie, Terms provokes, Dead child, Poyson, Ulcers, Cramps, Agues, Falling sickness, Headach, Melancholy, dulness of Spirit, Convulsion, Palsey, Yellow Jaundice, Worms.

It is most effectual against the poyson of al Serpents, being drunk in Wine and the bruised herb outwardly applyed used with Honey, it clenseth old and foul Ulcers, and made into an Oyl and the Eyes anoynted therwith, taketh away their dimness and moystness: It is likewise good for the paines in the sides: and Cramps. The Decoction thereof taken for some daies together, driveth away and cureth both Tertian and Quartan Agues. It is also good against all diseases of the brain as continual Headach Falling-sickness, Melancholly, Drowsines and Dulnes of spirit, Convulsions and Palseys. A dram of the seed taken in Pouder purgeth by Urine and is good against the yellow Jaundice. The Juyce of the leaves dropped into the eares killeth the worms in them: The tops therof when they are in flower steeped twenty four hours in a draught of white Wine and drunk, killeth wormes in the belly.

It is a most prevalent Herb of Mercury, and strengthens the brain and apprehention exceedingly; you may see what humane vertues are under Mercury in the latter end of my Ephemeris for 1651. Strengthen them when weak, relieve them, when drooping, by this Herb.

STINKING GLADWIN.

Description.

This is one of the kinds of Flower-de-luces, having divers Leavs rising from the Roots very like a Flower-de-luce, but that they are sharp edged on both sides, and thicker in the middle, of a deeper green colour, narrower and sharper pointed and of a strong ill scent if they be bruised between the fingers: In the midle riseth up a reasonable strong Stalk a yard high at least, beareth 3 or 4 Flowers at the top made somwhat like the Flowers of the Flower-de-luce with three upright Leaves of a dead Purplish Ash-colour with some Veins discoloured in them, the other three do not fall down, nor the three other smal ones are so arched nor cover the lower leaves as the Flower-de-luce doth, but stand loose, or asunder from them: After they are past, there come up three square hard Husks opening wide into three parts when they are ripe, wherin lie reddish seed, turning black when it hath abidden long: The Root is like that of the Flower-de-luce but reddish on the outside, and whitish within, very sharp and hot in tast, of as evil a scent as the leavs.

Place.

This groweth as well on the upland grounds as also in moist places, in woods and shadowy places by the Sea side in many places of this Land, and is usually nursed up in Gardens.

Time.

It flowreth not until July, and the seed is ripe in August or September, yet the Huskes after they are ripe opening themselves, will hold their seeds within them for 2 or 3 Months, and not shedd them.

Vertues and Use.

It is used by many countrey people to purge corrupt tough Flegm and Choller which they

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do by drinking the decoction of the Root, and some to make it work more gently do but infuse the sliced roots in Ale, and some take the leavs wch serveth wel for the weaker stomachs.

[EDGENOTE:] Flegm, Choller, Head, Cramp, Convulsion, Gout, Sciatica, Belly-ach, Strangury, Fluxes.

The Juyce herof put up, or snuffed up the nose causeth neezing, & draweth from the head much corruption; & the pouder therof doth the same: The Pouder therof drunke in wine, helpeth those that are troubled with Cramps, and Convulsion or wth the Gout or Sciatica and giveth ease to those that have any griping pains in their body or belly, and helpeth those that have the Strangury: It is given wth much profit to those that have had long Fluxes by the sharp & evil quality of humors, which it stayeth having first clensed & purged them by the drying and binding property therin. The Root boyled in wine and drunk doth effectually procure womens courses, and used as a Possary worketh the same effect, but causeth Abortion in women with child. Half a dram of the seed beaten to pouder and taken in wine doth speedily caus one to pis which otherwis

[EDGENOTE:] Terms provokes, Disury, Spleen, Wounds, Splinters, Thorns, broken Bones, Kings Evil, Itch, Scabs, Blemishes in the Skin.

cannot: The same taken with vinegar, dessolveth the hardnes & swellings of the spleen. The Root is very effectual in all Wounds, and specially of the head, as also to draw forth any splinters, Thornes, Broken bones, or any other thing sticking in the flesh without causing pain, being used with a little Verdigreese and Honey, and the great Centaury Root: The same boyled in Vinegar and laid upon any Tumor or Swelling, doth very effectually dissolve and consume them, yea even the swellings of the Throat called the Kings evil. The Juyce of the Leavs and Roots healeth the Itch and all running or spreading Scabs or Sores, and Blemishes or Scars in the Skin wheresoever they be.

GOLDEN ROD.

Description.

This riseth up with brownish smal round Stalks two foot high and somtimes more, having thereon many narrow and long dark greene leaves very seldom with any dents about the edges, or any strakes or white spots therin, yet they are somtimes so found; divided at the tops into many small branches, with divers small yellow flowers on every one of them, all which are turned one way, and being ripe do turn into down & are caried away with the wind. The Root consisteth of many small fibres which grow not deep in the ground, but abideth all the winter therin, shooting forth new branches every yeer, the old ones dying downe to the ground.

Place.

It groweth in the open places of woods and Copses both moyst and dry grounds in many places of this Land.

Time.

It Flowreth about the Month of July.

Vertues and Use.

Arnoldus de villa nova, commendeth it much against the Stone in the Reins and Kidneys, and to provoke Urine in abundance, whereby also the Gravel or Stone may be avoided. The Decoction of the Herb green or dry, or the

[EDGENOTE:] Stone, Gravel, Disury, Wounds, Flux, Bloody Flux, Terms stops, Ruptures.

distilled Water therof is very effectual for inward Bruises, as also to be outwardly applied, it stayeth bleedings in any part of the Body, and of Wounds also, the

[EDGENOTE:] Ulcers, Sore Mouth & Throat, Teeth loos, Beauty lost.

Fluxes of Humors, the Bloody Flux, and Womens Courses; and is no less prevalent in all Ruptures or Burstings, being drunk inwardly and outwardly applied. It is a Soveraign Wound Herb, inferior to none, both for inward and outward Hurts, green Wounds and old Sores and Ulcers are quickly cured therewith. It is also of especial use in all Lotions for Sores or Ulcers in the Mouth, Throat, or privy parts of Man or Woman: The Decoction also helpeth to fasten the Teeth that are loos in the Gums.

Venus claims the Herb, and therefore to be sure, it restores Beauty lost.

GOUTWORT, or HERB-GERRARD.

Description.

This is a low Herb seldom rising half a yard high, having sundry Leavs standing on brownish green Stalks by threes, snipped about, and of a strong unpleasant favour. The Umbels of Flowers are white, and the Seed blackish, the Root runneth in the Ground, quickly taking up a great deal of room.

Place.

It groweth by Hedg and Wall sides, and often in the borders or Corners of Fields, and in Gardens also.

Time.

It Flowreth, and Seedeth about the end of July.

Vertues and Use.

Goutwort had not his name for nothing, but upon good experience to help the cold Gout, and Sciatica, as also Joynt aches, and other cold Griefs.

[EDGENOTE:] Gout, Sciatica, Joynts.

The very bearing of it about one, easeth the pains of the Gout, and defends him that bears it from the Disease.

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GROMEL.

Of this I shall briefly describe three kinds which are principally used in Physick, the Vertues whereof are alike, though somwhat different in their manner and form of growing.

Description.

The greater Gromel groweth up with slender hard and hairy Stalks trailing and taking Root in the ground as it lieth thereon, and parted into many other smaller Branches with hairy dark green Leavs thereon. At the Joynts with the Leavs come forth very smal blew Flowers, and after them hard stony roundish Seed. The Root is long and woody abiding the Winter and shooting forth fresh Stalks in the Spring.

The smal wild Gromel sendeth forth divers upright hard branched Stalks two or three foot high, full of Joynts, at every of which growth smal, long, hard, and rough Leavs, like the former but lesser, among which Leavs come forth small white Flowers, and after them grayish round Seed like the former. The Root is not very long, but with many Strings thereat.

The Garden Gromel hath divers upright slender woody hairy Stalks brown and crested, very little branched, with Leavs like the former, and white Flowers, after which in rough brown Husks is contained a white hard round Seed shining like Pearls, & greater than either of the former: The Root is like the first described, with divers Branches and Strings thereat, which continueth (as the first doth) all Winter.

Place.

The two first grow wild in barren or untilled places, and by the way sides in many places of this Land. The last is a Nursling in the Gardens of the curious.

Time.

They all Flower from Midsummer unto September somtimes, and in the mean time the Seed ripeneth.

Vertues and Use.

These are accounted to be of as singular force as any other Herb or Seed whatsoever, to break the Stone, and to avoid it and the Gravel either in the Reins or Bladder; as also to provoke Urine being stopped, and to help the Strangury. The Seed is of greatest use, being bruised and boiled in white Wine, or in Broth, or the like, or the Pouder of the Seed taken therin: Two drams of the Seed in Pouder taken with Womens Breast-Milk, is very effectual to procure a speedy Delivery to such Women as have sore pains in their Travail and cannot be delivered. The Herb it self (when the Seed is not to be had) either boyled or the Juyce therof drunk, is effectual to all the purposes aforesaid but not so powerful or speedy in operation.

[EDGENOTE:] Stone, Gravel, Strangury, Travail in Women.

The Herbe belongs to Dame Venus, and therfore if Mars caus the Chollick or Stone, as usually he doth if in Virgo, this is your cure.

WINTER GREEN.

This sendeth forth 7. 8. or 9 Leaves from a smal brownish creeping Root, every one standing upon a long Footstalk, which are almost as broad as long, round pointed, of a sad green colour and hard in handling, and like the Leaf of a Pear-tree, from whence ariseth a slender weak Stalk, yet standing upright, bearing at the top many smal, white and sweet smelling Flowers, laid open like a Star, consisting of five round pointed Leavs, with many yellowish threds standing in the middle, about a green Head, and a long stile with them, which in time groweth to be the Seed Vessel, which being ripe is found five square with a smal point at it, weerin is contained Seed as small as dust.

Place.

It groweth seldom in the Fields, but frequently in the Woods Northwards, viz. In Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Scotland.

Time.

It Flowreth about June or July.

Vertues and Use.

Winter-Green is a singular good Wound Herb and an especial Remedy for to heal green Wounds speedily, the

[EDGENOTE:] Wounds.

green Leavs being brused and applied, or the Juyce of them: A Salve made of the green Herbs stamped or the Juyce boyled with Hogs Lard, or with Sallet Oyl and Wax, and some Turpentine added unto it, is a Soveragn Salve, and highly extolled by the Germans who much use it to heal all manner of Wounds and Sores. The Herb boyled in Wine and Water and given to drink to them that have any inward Ulcers in their Kidneys or Neck of the Bladder, doth

[EDGENOTE:] Ulcers, Kidneys, Bladder, Flux, Bloody flux, Terms stops, Inflamations, Cankers, Fistulaes.

wonderfully help them: It staieth also all Fluxes whether of Blood or Humors, as the Lask, bloody Flux, Womens Courses, and bleeding of Wounds, and taketh away any Inflamation rising upon pains of the Heart. It is no less helpful for foul Ulcers hard to be cured, as also for Cankers or Fistulaes. The distilled Water of the Herb doth effectually perfrom the same things.

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GROUNDSEL.

Description.

Our common Groundsel hath a round green, and somwhat brownish Stalk spread toward the top into Branches, set with long and somwhat narrow green Leavs cut in on the edges, somwhat like the Oak Leavs, but lesser and round at the ends; at the tops of the Branches stand many smal green Heads, out of which grow small yellow threds or thrums, which are the Flowers, and continue many daies blown in that manner before it pass away into Down, and with the Seed is carried away in the wind. The Root is smal and threddy, and soon perisheth, and as soon riseth again of its own sowing, so that it may be seen many Months in the Yeer, both green, and in Flower and Seed, for it will Spring and Seed twice in a yeer at least if it be suffered in a Garden.

Place.

This groweth almost every where, as wel on the tops of Walls as at the foot among Rubbish, and untilled grounds, but especially in Gardens.

Time.

It Flowreth as is said before, almost in every Month through the yeer.

Vertues and Use.

The Decoction of the Herb (saith Dioscorides) made with Wine and Drunk helpeth the pains in the Stomach proceeding of Choller (which it may well do by a Vomit, as daily experience sheweth) the Juyce hereof taken in Drink, or the Decoction of it in Ale, gently performeth the same: It is good against the Jaundice and Falling-sickness being taken in Wine, as also against difficulty of making Water, it provoketh Urin, expelleth Gravel in the Reins or Kidneys; a dram thereof given in Oximel, after some walking or stirring the Body; It helpeth also the Sciatica, griping of the Belly and the Chollick, helpeth the defects of the Liver, and provoketh Womens Courses. The fresh Herb boyled and made into a Pultis and applied to the Breasts of Women that are swollen with pain and heat, as also to the privy parts of Man or Woman, the Seat, or Fundament, or the Arteries, Joynts, and Sinews when they are inflamed and swoln, doth much eas them: and used with some Salt helpeth to dissolve Knots or Kernels in any part of the Body. The Juyce of the Herb, or (as Dioscorides saith) the Leavs and Flowers with some fine Frankincense in Pouder, used in Wounds of the Body, Nervs, or Sinews, doth singularly help to heal them: The Distilled water of the herb performeth well all the aforesaid Cures, but especially for Inflamations or watering of the Eyes by reason of the Defluxion of Rhewm into them.

[EDGENOTE:] Choller in the Stomach, Yellow Jaundice, Falling-sickness, Disury, Gravel, Sciatica, Chollick, Liver, Terms provokes, Womens Breasts, Privy parts, Arteries, Joynts & Sinews over heated, Kernels, Wounds in the Sinews, Inflamations in the Eyes.

This Herb is Venus her Mrs. piece, and is as gallant an Universal Medicine for all Diseases coming of heat whatsoever they be, or in what part of the Body soever they lie, as the Sun shines upon; 'tis very safe and friendly to the Body of Man, yet causeth Vomiting if the Stomach be afflicted, if not, it purging, and it doth it with more gentleness than can be expected. 'Tis moist and somwhat cold withal, thereby causing expulsion, and repressing the Heat caused by the motion of the internal parts in Purges and Vomits, Lay by your Learned Receipts, Take so much Senna, so much Scammony, so much Colocynthis, so much Infusion of Crocus Metallorum, &c, This Herb alone preserved in a Syrup, in a distilled Water, in an Oyntment shal do the deed for you in all hot Diseases, and it shall do it, 1. Safely, 2. Speedily.

HARTS-TONGUE.

Description.

This hath divers Leavs rising from the Root every one severally which fold themselvs in their first springing and spreading; when they are full grown are about a foot long, smooth and green above, but hard and with little Sap in them, and straked on the back athwart on both sides of the middle Rib, with smal and somwhat long brownish marks; the bottoms of the Leavs are a little bowed on each side of the middle Rib somwhat narrow with the length, and somwhat smal at the end. The Root is of many black threds, folded or interlaced together.

Time.

It is green all the Winter, but new Leavs spring every yeer.

Vertues and Use.

Harts-Tongue is much commended against the hardness and stoppings of the Spleen and Liver, and against the heat of the Liver and Stomach, and against Lasks and the Bloody Flux: The Distilled Water therof is also very good against the Passions of the Heart, and to stay the Hiccough, to help the falling of the Pallat, and stay the bleeding of the Gums being gargled in the mouth. Dioscorides saith it is good against the stinging or biting of Serpents.

[EDGENOTE:] Spleen, Liver, Flux, Bloody flux, Hiccough, Gums, Venemous Beasts.

Jupiter claims Dominion over this Herb, therfore is a singular Remedy for the Liver, both to strengthen it when weak, and eas it

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when afflicted, ' tis no matter by what you should do well to keep it in a Syrup all the yeer, for though my Author say 'tis green all the yeer, I scarce beleev it.

As for the use of it, my Directions at latter end will be sufficient, and enough for those that are studious in Physick to whet their Brains upon for one year or two.

THE HAZEL NUT.

These ar so well known to every Boy, that they need no Description.

Vertues and Use.

The parched Kernels made into an Electuary, or the Milk drawn from the Kernels with Mead or Honeyed Water, is very good to help an old Cough; and being parched and a little Pepper put to them and drunk digesteth the Distillations of Rhewm from the Head: The dried Husks and Shels to the weight of two drams taken in red Wine, staieth Lasks, and Womens Courses, and so doth the red Skin that covers the Kernels which is more effectual to stay Womens Courses.

[EDGENOTE:] Cough, Phtisick, Flux, Terms stops.

And if this be true as it is, then why should the Vulgar so familiarly affirm, that eating Nuts causeth shortness of Breath than which nothing is falser, for how can that which strengthens the Lungues cause shortness of breath? I confess the Opinion is far older than I am, I knew Tradition was a Friend to Errors before, but never that he was the Father of Slanders, or are mens tongues so given to slandering one another that they must slander Nuts too, to keep their tongues in use? If any thing of the Hazel Nut be stopping 'tis the Husks and Shels, and no body is so mad to eat them unless Physically, and the red Skin which covers the Kernel which you may easily pull off. And thus have I made an Apology for Nuts which cannot speak for themselves.

HAWKWEED.

Description.

This hath many large hairy leaves lying on the ground, much rent or torn on the sides into many gashes like Dandelion but with greater parts more like the smooth sow Thistle from among wth ariseth a hollow rough stalk two or three foot high branched from the middle upward, wherin are set at every Joynt longer leaves, little or nothing rent or cut in, bearing at their tip sundry pale, yellow Flowers consisting of many small narrow leavs, broad pointed and nicked in at the ends, set in a double row or more, the outermost beeing larger than the inner, which form most of the Hawkweeds (for there are many kinds of them) do hold, which turne into down, and with the small brownish seeds, is blown away with the wind: The Roote is long somwhat greater with many small fibres thereat. The whole is full of bitter milke.

Place.

It groweth in divers places about Field sides, and the path waies in dry grounds.

Time.

It flowreth & flies away in the Sumer Months.

Vertues and Use.

Hawkweed (saith Dioscorides) is cooling somwhat drying and binding, and therfore good for the heat of the stomach, and gnawings therein, for Inflamations and the hot fits of Agues. The Juice therof in wine helpeth digestion, discusseth wind, hindreth crudities abiding in the stomack, and helpeth the difficulty of making Water, the biting of Venemous Serpents, and sting of the Scorpion, if the herb be also outwardly applyed to the place, and is very good against all other Poysons. A scruple of the dryed Juyce given in wine and vinegar is

[EDGENOTE:] Cools, Dries, Binds, Gnawing in the Stomach, Inflamations, Agues, Crudity, Disury, Venemous Beasts, Poyson, Dropsie, Flegm, Chollick, Spleen, Watching, Lust stops, Venerious Dreams, Reins, Bladder, Eyes, Ulcers, Burnings, Inflamations, St. Anthonies Fire, Heat, salt Flegm, Convulsion, Cramp, Freckles, Spots, Morphew, Wrinkles.

profitable for those that have the Dropsie. The decoction of the Herb taken with Honey, digesteth thin flegm in the chest or lungs, and with Hysop helpeth the cough. The Decoction therof and of wild Succory made with wine and taken helpeth the wind chollick and hardness of the spleen, it procureth rest and sleep, hindereth venery and venereous dreams, cooleth, heats, purgeth the stomach, encreaseth blood, & helpeth the diseases of the Reins and Bladder. Outwardly applied it is singular good for all the defects and diseases of the eyes, used with some womens Milke, and is used wth good success in fretting or creeping ulcers, especially in the beginning. The green Herb bruised and with a little Salt applyed to any place burnt with fire before blisters do arise, helpeth them, as also inflamations St. Anthonies fire and al Pushes, and eruptions, heat, and salt Flegm. The same applyed with Meal and salt water in manner of a Poltis to any place affected with convulsions and the Cramp or such as are out of Joynt doth give help and ease. The distilled water clenseth the skin and taketh away freckles, Spots, the Morphew or Wrinkles in the face.

THE HAWTHORN.

It is not my intent to trouble you with a Description of this Tree which is so well known that it needeth none.

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It is ordinarily but a Hedg Bush, although being pruned and dressed it groweth to be a Tree of a reasonable height.

As for the Hawthorn tree at Glastenbury, which is said to flower yearly on Christmas Day, it rather shews the superstition of those who observe it for the time of its Flowring, than any great wonder, sith the like may be found in diverse other places of this land, as in Whey-street in Rumney Marsh, and neer unto Nantwiche in Cheshire by a place called White-Green, where if the Winter be milde they will be white blossomes all over before and about Christmas, as in May, if the weather be frosty, it Flowreth not until January, or that the hard weather be over.

Vertues and Use.

The Berries or the seed in the Berries beaten to pouder and drunk in wine, are held singular good against the stone and are good for the dropsy. The distilled water of the Flowers stayeth the lask. The seeds cleared from the Down, bruised and boyled in wine & drunk is good for inward tormenting pains: If cloathes and spunges be wet in the said distilled water and applyed to any place wherin thornes, splinters or the like do abide in the Flesh, it will notably draw them forth.

[EDGENOTE:] Stone, Dropsie, Flux, Inward pains, Splinters, Thorns.

And thus you see the thorn gives a medicine for his own pricking, and so doth almost every thing else.

HEMLOCK.

Description.

The Common great Hemlock groweth up with a green stalk four or five foot high or more, ful of red spots somtimes, and at the Joynts very large winged leavs set at them which are divided into many other winged leaves, one set against another dented about the edges, of a sad green colour branched towards the top where it is full of Umbles of white Flowers, and afterwards with whitish flat Seed: The Root is long, white, and somtimes crooked and hollow within, the whol Plant and every part hath a strong, heady, and ill favor'd scent, much offending the Senses.

Place.

It groweth in all Countries of this Land by Wals and Hedges sides, in wast Grounds and untilled places.

Time.

It Flowreth and Seedeth in July, or there abouts.

Vertues and Use.

Hemlock is exceeding cold and very dangerous, especially to be taken inwardly: It may safely be applied to Inflamations, Tumors, and Swelling in any part of the Body (save the Privy parts) as also to St. Anthonies fire Wheals, Pushes, and creeping Ulcers that rise of hot sharp Humors, by cooling and repelling the heat. The Leavs bruised and laid to the Brow or Forehead, is good for their Eyes that are red and swollen, as also to take away a Pin and Web growing in the Eye, this is a tried Medicine; Take a smal Handful of the Herb and half so much Bay Salt beaten together, and applied to the contrary Wrest of the Hand for twenty four Hours, doth remove it in thrice dressing. If the Root hereof be roasted under the Embers, wrapped in double wet Papers, until it be soft and tender, and then applied to the Gout in the Hands or Fingers it will quickly help this evil. If any shall through mistake eat the Herb Hemlock instead of Parsly, or the Root instead of a Parsnip (both which it is very like) whereby hapneth a kind of Phrensie, or Perturbation of the senses, as if they were stupified or drunk, The Remedy is as Pliny saith, to drink of the best and strongest pure Wine, before it strike to the Heart, or Gentian put into Wine or a draught of good vinegar, wherewith Tragus doth affirm that he cured a Woman that had eaten the Root.

[EDGENOTE:] Inflamations, St. Anthonies Fire, Tetters, Ringworms, Eyes, Pin and web, Gout, Lechery.

Saturn claims Dominion over the Herb, yet I wonder why it may not be applied to the privities in a Priapismus, or continual standing of the Yard, it being very beneficial for that Disease; I suppose my Authors Judgment was first upon the opposit Disposition of Saturn to Venus in those Faculties, and therfore he forbid the applying of it to those parts that it might not caus Barrenness, or spoil the Spirit Procreative, which if it do, yet applied to the Privities it stops lustful thoughts.

HEMP.

This is so well known to every good Huswife in the Country, that I shal not need to write any Description of it.

Time.

It is sown in the end of March, or beginning of April, and is ripe in August or September.

Vertues and Use.

The Seed of Hemp consumeth Wind, and by the much use thereof disperseth it so much that it drieth up the natural Seed for Procreation; yet being boyled in Milk and taken, helpeth such as have a hot dry Cough. The Dutch make an Emulsion out of the Seed, and give it with good success to those that have the Jaundice, especially in the

[EDGENOTE:] Wind, Cough, Jaundice, Gall, Choller.

beginning of the Disease if there be no Ague accompanying it, for it

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openeth Obstructions of the Gall, and causeth digestion of Choller. The Emulsion or Decoction of the Seed staieth Lasks and continual Fluxes, easeth the Chollick, and allayeth the troublesom Humors in the Bowels, and staieth bleeding at the Mouth, Nose, or other place, some of the Leavs being fried with the Blood of that bleed, and so given them to eat. It is held very good to kill the Worms in man or Beast, and the Juyce dropped into the Ears killeth Worms in them, and draweth forth Earwigs, or other living Creatures gotten into them.

[EDGENOTE:] Flux, Chollick, Bleeding, Worms, Earwigs, Inflamation, Gout, Sinews shrunk.

The Decoction of the Root allayeth Inflamations in the Head or any other parts; the Herb it self, or the Distilled Water thereof doth the like: The Decoction of the Roots easeth the pains of the Gout, the hard Tumors, or Knots in the Joynts, the pains and shrinking of the Sinews, and the pains of the Hips: The fresh Juyce mixed with a little Oyl and Butter, is good for any place that hath been burnt with fire being thereto applied.

It is a Plant of Saturn, and good for something els you see than to make Halters only.

HENBANE.

Description.

Our common Henbane hath very large, thick, soft, wooly Leavs lying upon the ground, much cut in or torn on the edges of a dark ill grayish green colour, among which rise up divers thick & short Stalks two or three foot high, spread into divers smaller Branches with lesser Leavs on them, and many hollow Flowers scarce appearing above the Husks, and usually torn on the one side, ending in five round points growing one above another, of a deadish yellow colour, somwhat paler toward the edges, with many purplish Veins therein, and of a dark yellowish purple in the bottom of the Flower, with a smal pointel of the same colour in the middle, each of them standing in hard close Husk, which after the Flower is past, groweth very like the Husk of Asarabacca, and somwhat sharp at the top Points, wherein is contained much smal Seed very like Poppy Seed, but of a dusky grayish colour. The Root is great, white and thick, branching forth divers waies under ground, so like a Parsnip Root (but that it is not so white) that it hath deceived divers. The whol Plant more than the Root hath a heavy ill soporiferous smell somwhat offensive.

Place.

It commonly groweth by the way sides, and under Hedg sides and Wals.

Time.

It Flowreth in July, and springeth again yeerly of its own Seed.

I doubt my Author mistook July for June, if not for May.

Vertues and Use.

The Leavs of Henbane do cool all hot Inflamations in the Eyes or any other part of the Body; and are good to asswage all manner of Swellings of the Cods or Womens Breasts, or els where, if they be boyled in Wine, and either applied themselves or the Fomentation warm; it also asswageth the pain of the Gout, the Sciatica and all other pains in the Joynts which arise from an hot caus. And applied with Vinegar to the Forehead and Temples, helpeth the Headach and want of sleep in hot Feavers. The Juyce of the Herb or Seed, or the Oyl drawn from the Seed doth the like. The Oyl of the Seed is helpful for the Deafness, Nois, and Worms in the Ears, being dropped therein; the Juyce of the Herb, or Root doth also the same. The Decoction of the Herb, or Seed, or both, killeth Lice in Man and Beast. The fume of the dried Herb Stalks and Seed burned, quickly healeth Swellings, Chilblains, or Kibes in the Hands or Feet, by holding them in the fume thereof. The Remedy to help those that have taken Henbane is to drink Goats Milk, Honyed Water or Pine Kernels, with Sweet Wine: or in the absence of these, Fennel Seed, Nettle Seed, the Seed of Cresses, Mustard, or Radish, as also Onions, or Garlick taken in Wine, do all help to free them from danger, and restore them to their due temper again.

[EDGENOTE:] Inflamation, Cods, Womens Breasts, Gout, Sciatica, Joynts, Watching, Deafness, Noise in the Ears, Chilblains, Kibes, French Pox.

Take notice that this Herb must never be taken inwardly, outwardly, an Oyl, Oyntment, or Plaister of it, is most admirable for the Gout, to cool the Venerial heat of the Reins in the French Pox, to stop the Toothach being applied to the aching side, to allay all Inflamations, and to help the Diseases before premised.

I wonder in my Heart how Astrologers could take on them to make this an Herb of Jupiter, and yet Mizaldus, a man of a penetrating Brain, was also of this Opinion as wel as the rest, the Herb is indeed under the Dominion of Saturn, and I prove it by this Argument.

All the Herbs which delight most to grow in Saturnine places, are Saturnine Herbs.

But Henbane delights most to grow in Saturnine places, and whol Cart loads of it may be found neer the places where they empty the common Jakes, and scarce a stinking Ditch to be found without, it growing by it.

Ergo 'tis an Herb of Saturn.

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HERB ROBERT.

Description.

This riseth up with a reddish stalk two foot high, having divers leaves thereon upon very long and reddish footstalkes, divided at the ends into three or five divisions, each of them cut in on the edges some deeper then others, and all dented likewise about the edges, which often tims turn reddish: At the tops of the stalk come forth divers flowers made of five leavs, much larger than the Doves foot, and of a more reddish colour after which come beak heads as in others: The Roote is small and threddy, and smelleth as the whole plant very strong, almost stinking.

Place.

This groweth frequently every where by way sides, upon ditch banks, and wast grounds whersoever one goeth.

Time.

It flowreth in June and July chiefly, and the seed is ripe shortly after.

Vertues and Use.

Herb Robert is commended not only against the stone, but to stay bloud, where or howsoever flowing; it speedily healeth all green wounds, and is effectual in old ulcers in the privy parts or else where.

[EDGENOTE:] Stone, Bleeding, Terms stops, Wounds, Ulcers in the Privities.

You may perswade your self this is true and also conceive a good reason for it, if you doe but consider 'tis an herb of Venus for al it hath gotten a mans name.

HERB TRUE-LOVE, or ONE-BERRY.

Description.

The ordinary Herb True-love, hath a small creeping Root running under the upper crust of the ground, somwhat like a Coutchgrass Root but not so white, shooting forth stalks with leavs, some wherof carry no berries, though others do, every stalk smooth without Joynts and blackish green, rising about half a foot high if it bear berries otherwise seldom so high, bearing at the top four leaves set directly one against another in maner of a Cross or a Riband tied (as it is called) on a True-loves Knot: which are each of them a part: somwhat like unto a Nightshade Leav, but somwhat broader, having somtimes but three Leavs, sometimes five, sometimes six, and these somtimes greater than in others. In the middle of the four Leavs riseth up one smal slender Stalk about an inch high, bearing at the top thereof one Flower spread open like a Star consisting of four small and narrow long pointed Leavs of a yellowish green colour, and four other lying between them lesser than they; in the middle wherof standeth a round dark purplish Button or Head, compassed about with eight smal yellow Mealy threds, with three colours make it the more conspicuous and lovely to behold: This Button or Head in the middle, when the other Leavs are withered, becometh a blackish Purple Berry full of Juyce of the bigness of a reasonable Grape, having within it many white Seeds: The whol Plant is without any manifest tast.

Place.

It groweth in Woods and Copses, and somtimes in the corners or borders of Fields and wast Grounds in very many places of this Land; and abundantly in the Woods, Copses, and other places about Chisselhurst and Maidstone in Kent.

Time.

They spring up in the middle of April or May, and are in Flower soon after; The Berries are ripe in the end of May, and in some places in June.

Vertues and Use.

The Leavs or Berries hereof are effectual to expel poyson of all sorts, especially that of the Aconites, as also the Plague, and other Pestilential Diseases. Some have been holpen therby saith Mathiolus, that have lien long in a lingring sickness, and others that by Witchcraft (as it was thought) were become half foolish, by taking a

[EDGENOTE:] Poyson, Pestilence, Feavers, Witchcraft, Chollick, Wounds, Ulcers, Swellings in the Groyn, Cods, and Privities, Inflamations, Aposthumes.

dram of the Seeds or Berries hereof in Pouder every day for twenty daies together, they were restored to their former health. The Roots in Pouder taken in Wine easeth the pains of the chollick speedily: The Leavs are very effectual as well for green Wounds, as to clens and heal up old filthy Sores and Ulcers; and is very powerful to discuss all Tumors, and Swellings in the Cods, privy Parts, or Groyn, or in any part of the Body, and speedily to ally all Inflamations. The Leavs or their Juyce applied to Felons, or those Nails of the Hands or Toes that have Imposthumes or Sores gathered together at the Roots of them, healeth them in short space.

The Herb is not to be described for the premises, but is fit to be nourished in every good Womans Garden. Venus owns it.

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HYSOP.

This is so well known to be an Inhabitant in every Garden, that it wil save me Labor in writing a Description thereof. The Vertues are as followeth.

Vertues and Use.

Dioscorides saith that Hysop boyled with Rue and Honey, and drunk, helpeth those that are troubled with Coughs, shortness of breath, wheesing, and Rhewmatick Distillations upon the Lungs: Taken also with Oximel, it purgeth gross Humors by the Stool; and with Honey killeth Worms in the Belly; and with fresh or new Figs bruised, helpeth to loosen the Belly, and more forcibly if the Root of Flower-de-luce and Cresses be added therto. It amendeth and cherisheth the Native colour of the Body spoiled by the yellow Jaundice, and being taken with Figs and Nitre helpeth the Dropsie and the Spleen. Being boyled with Wine, it is good to wash Inflamations: and taketh away black and blew Spots and Marks that come by Strokes, Bruises, or Fals, being applied with warm Water.

[EDGENOTE:] Cough, Shortness of breath, Wheesing, Gross Humors, Worms, yellow Jaundice, Dropsie, Spleen, Inflamations, black and blue spots, Quinsie, Toothach, Noise in the Ears, Venemous Beasts, Lice, Itching of the Head, Falling-sickness, Wounds.

It is an excellent Medicine for the Quinsie, or Swelling in the Throat, to wash and gargle it, being boyed with Figs. It helpeth the Toothach, being boyled in Vinegar, and gargled therwith. The hot Vapors of the Decoction taken by a Funnel in at the Ears, easeth the Inflamations and singing nois of them: Being bruised and Salt, Honey, and Cummin Seed put to it, it helpeth those that are stung by Serpents. The Oyl thereof being anoynted killeth Lice, and taketh away Itching of the Head: It helpeth those that have the Falling-sickness which way soever it be applied: It helpeth to expectorate tough Flegm, and is effectual in al cold Griefs, or Diseases of the Chest and Lungs, being taken either in a Syrup or licking Medicine. The green Herb bruised and a little Sugar put thereto, doth quickly heal any cut, or green Wound, being therunto applied.

The Herb is Jupiters, and the Sign Cancer; It strengthens all the parts of the Body under Cancer and Jupiter, which what they be may be found amply discoursed of in my Astrological Judgment of Diseases.

HOPS.

These are so well known that they need no Description, I mean the manured kind which every good Husband or Huswife is acquainted with.

The wild Hop groweth up as the other doth, ramping upon Trees or Hedges that stand next unto them, with rough branches, and Leavs like the former; but it giveth smaller Heads & in far less plenty than it, so that there is scarce a Head or two seen in a year on divers of this wild kind; wherein consisteth the chief difference.

Place.

They delight to grow on low moist grounds, and are found in all parts of this Land.

Time.

They spring not up until April, and Flower not until the latter end of June, the heads are not gathered until the middle or latter end of September.

Vertues and Use.

This Physical operation is to open Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen to clens the Blood, to loosen the Belly, to clens the Reins from Gravel, and provoke Urine. The Decoction of the tops of Hops, as well of the tame as the wild, worketh the same effects. In clensing the Blood they help to cure the French Disease, and al manner of Scabs, Itch, and other breakings out in the Body, as also al Tetters, Ringworms, and spreading Sores, the Morphew, and all discolourings of the Skin. The Decoction of the

[EDGENOTE:] Obstructions, Liver, Spleen, Blood, Reins clenseth, French Pox, Scabs, Itch, Tetters, Ringworms, Morphew, Poyson, Worms, Terms provokes, Disury, yellow Jaundice, Liver, Stomach, Agues.

Flowers and tops, do help to expel poyson that any one hath drunk: Half a dram of the Seed in Pouder taken in drink, killeth Worms in the Body, bringeth down Womens Courses, and expelleth Urin: A Syrup made of the Juyce and Sugar, cureth the yellow Jaundice, easeth the Headach that comes of Heat, and tempereth the heat of the Liver and Stomach, and is profitably given in long and hot Agues that rise of Choller and Blood. Both the wild and the manured are of one property, and alike effectual in al the aforesaid Diseases.

By all these Testimonies, Beer appears to be better than Ale.

Mars owns the Plant, and then Dr. Reason will tell you how it performs these actions.

HOREHOUND.

Discription.

Common Horehound groweth up with square hoary Stalks, half a yard or two foot high, set at the Joynts with two round crumpled rough Leavs, of a sullen hoary green colour, of a reasonable good scent, but a very bitter tast: The Flowers are smal, white and gaping, set in rough, hard, prickly Husks, round about the Joynts with the leaves from the middle of the Stalk upwards, wherein afterwards is found smal round blackish Seed. The root is blackish, hard, and

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woody, with many strings thereat, and abideth many years.

Place.

It is found in many parts of this Land, in dry grounds and wast green places.

Time.

It Flowreth in or about July, and the Seed is ripe in Augst.

Vertues and Use.

A Decoction of the dried Herb with the Seed, or the Juyce of the green Herb taken with Honey, is a Remedy for those that are pursie or short winded, or have a Cough or are fallen into a Consumption either through long sickness, or thin Distillations of Rhewm upon the Lungs. It helpeth to expectorate tough Flegm from the Chest, being taken with the Roots of Iris or Orris. It is given to Women to bring down their Courses, to expel the Afterbirth, and to them that have sore and long Travails, as also to those that have taken Poyson, or are stung or bitten by Venemous Serpents: The Leavs used with Honey purge foul Ulcers stay running or creeping sores, and the growing of the Flesh over the Nails. It also helpeth

[EDGENOTE:] Difficulty of breath, Cough, Consumption, Flegm, Terms provokes, Afterbirth, Weariness, Poyson, Venemous Beasts, Ulcers, Sides, Eyes, Yellow Jaundice, Ears, Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen. Liver, Itch, Tetters, Worms, Dogs bitings, Womens Breasts, Thorns, Asthmaes.

pains of the sides. The Juyce thereof with Wine and Honey helpeth to cleer the Eyesight, and snuffed up into the Nostrils, purgeth away the yellow Jaundice, and with a little Oyl of Roses dropped into the Ears easeth the pains of them. Galen saith it openeth Obstructions both of the Liver and Spleen, purgeth the Breast and Lungues of Flegm; and used outwardly, it both clenseth and digesteth. A decoction of Horehound (saith Mathiolus) is available for those that have bad Livers, and for such as have Itches and running Tetters; The Pouder hereof taken, or the Decoction, killeth Worms. The green Leavs bruised and boyled in old Hogs Greas unto an Oyntment, healeth the biting of Dogs abateth the Swellings of Womens Breasts, and taketh away the Swelling and Pains that come by any pricking of Thorns, or such like means, and used with Vinegar it clenseth and healeth Tetters. There is a Syrup made of Horehound to be had at the Apothecaries, very good for old Coughs, to rid the tough Flegm, as also to avoid cold Rhewm from the Lungs of old Folks, and for those that are Asmatick or short winded.

HORSTAIL.

Description.

Of this there are many kinds, but I shall not trouble you not my self with any large Description of them, which to do, were but as the Proverb is, to find a knot in a Rush; All the kinds hereof being nothing else but knotted Rushes, some with Leavs and some without: Take the Description of the most eminent sort as followeth.

The greater Horstail at the first springing hath Heads somwhat like those of Asparagus, and after grow to be hard, rough, hollow Stalks, joynted at sundry places up to the top, a foot high, so made as if the lower part were put into the upper, whereat grow on each side a Bush of smal, long, Rush-like hard Leavs, each part resembling a Hors Tail (from whence it was so called). At the tops of the Stalks come forth smal Catkins like to those of Trees. The Root creepeth under ground having Joynts at sundry places.

Place.

This (as most of the other sorts hereof) groweth in wet grounds.

Time.

They spring up in April, and their blooming Catkins in July, seeding for the most part in August, and then perish down to the ground, rising afresh in the Spring.

Vertues and Use.

Horstail, the smoother rather than the rough, and the Leaved rather than the Bare are most Physical. It is very powerful to stanch bleedings whersoever, either inward or outward, the Juyce or Decoction, or distilled Water applied outwardly: It staieth also al sorts of Lasks and Fluxes in Man or Woman, and the pissing of Blood, and healeth also not only the inward Ulcers, and excoriations of the Entrails, Bladder, &c. but al other sorts of foul, moist, and running Ulcers, and soon sodereth together the tops of green Wounds; It cureth also Ruptures in Children.

[EDGENOTE:] Bleeding, Flux, Terms stops, Pissing Blood, Inward Ulcers, Excoriations of the Bladder, Ulcers, Wounds, Ruptures, Disury, Stone, Strangury, Cough, Inflamations, Pimples, Red Faces.

The Decoction hereof in Wine being drunk provoketh Urin, and helpeth the Stone and the Strangury; and the distilled Water thereof drunk two or three times in a day, a smal quantity at a time; as also easeth the Intrails or Guts, and is effectual against a Cough that cometh by distillation from the Head. The Juyce or distilled Water being warmed, and hot Inflamations, Pustules, or red Wheals, and other breakings out in the Skin, being bathed therewith doth help them, and doth no less eas the Swellings, heat, and Inflamations of the Fundament or Privy parts in Man or Woman.

The Herb is belonging to Saturn yet is very harmless, and excellent good for the Premises.

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HOUSLEEKS, or SENGREEN

These are so wel known unto my Country Men that I shal not need to write any Description of them.

Place.

It groweth commonly on Walls and Hous sides, and flowreth in July.

Vertues and Use.

Our ordinary Housleek is good for all inward heats, as wel as outward, and in the Eyes or other parts of the Body: A Posset made with the Juyce of Housleek is singular good in al hot Agues, for it cooleth and tempereth the Blood and Spirits, and quench the thirst; and is also good to stay al hot Defluxions of sharp and salt Rhewms in the Eyes, the Juyce being dropped into them, or into the Ears helpeth them; It helpeth also other Fluxes of Humors into the Bowels, and the immoderate Courses of Women. It cooleth and restraineth also all other hot Inflamations. St. Anthonies Fire, Scaldings and Burnings, the Shingles, fretting Ulcers, Cankers, Tetters, Ringworms and the like, and much easeth the pain of the Gout proceeding from an hot caus. The Juyce also taketh away Warts and Corns in the Hands or Feet, being often bathed therewith, and the Skin of the Leavs being laid on

[EDGENOTE:] Heat, Eyes, Agues, Thirst, Salt Rhewms, Ears, Terms stops, Fluxes, Inflamations, St. Anthonies Fire, Burnings, Scaldings, Tetters, Ringworms, Corns on the Hands and Feet, Headach, Frenzy, Watching, Bleeding, Nettles, Bees, &c.

them afterwards. It easeth also the Headach, and distempered heat of the Brain in Phrensies, or through want of sleep, being applied to the Temples and Forehead. The Leavs bruised and laid upon the Crown or Seam of the Head staieth bleeding at the Nose very quickly. The distilled Water of the Herb is profitable for all the purposes aforesaid: The Leavs being gently rubbed on any place stung with Nettles or Bees, doth quickly take away the Pain.

It is an Herb of Jupiter, and it is reported by Myzaldus to preserve, it grows upon from Fire and Lightning.

HOUNDSTONGUE.

Description.

The great ordinary Houndstongue hath many long and somwhat narrow, soft, hairy darkish green Leavs, lying on the ground somwhat like unto Bugloss Leavs, from among which riseth up a rough hairy Stalk about two foot high, with some smaller Leavs thereon, and branched at the top into divers parts, with a smal Leaf at the Foot of every Branch, which is somwhat long, with many Flowers set along the same, which Branch is crooked or turned inwards before it Flowreth and openeth by degrees as the Flowers do blow, which consist of four smal purplish red Leavs of a dead colour, scarce rising out of the Husk wherein they stand, with some threds in the middle: It hath somtimes a white Flower. After the Flowers are past there cometh rough flat Seed, with a smal pointel in the middle, easily cleaving to any Garment that is toucheth, and not so easily pulled off again: The root is black, thick, and long, hard to break, and ful of a clammy Juyce, smelling somwhat strong, of an evil scent as the Leavs also do.

Place.

It groweth in most places of this Land, in wast grounds, and untilled places by high way sides, Lanes, and Hedg sides.

Time.

It Flowreth about May and June, and the Seed is ripe shortly after.

Vertues and Use.

The Root is very effectually used in Pills, as wel as in Decoctions, or otherwise, to stay al sharp and thin Defluxions of Rhewm from the Head into the Eyes or Nose, or upon the Stomach or Lungs, as also for Coughs or shortness of breath. The Leavs boyled in Wine (saith Dioscorides) but others do rather appoint it to be made

[EDGENOTE:] Eyes, Nose, Stomach, Lungs, Shortness of breath, Mad Dogs.

with Water, and to ad thereto Oyl and Salt, mollifieth or openeth the Belly downwards; it also helpeth to cure the biting of a mad Dog, some of the Leavs being also applied to the Wound: The Leavs bruised, or the Juyce of them boyled in Hogs Lard, and applied, helpeth the falling away of the Hair which cometh of hot and sharp humors; as also for any place that is scalded or burnt: The Leavs bruised and laid to any green Wound doth heal it up quickly. The Root baked under the Embers wrapped in Past, or wet Papers, or in a wet double Cloth, and thereof a Suppository made and put up into, or applied to the Fundament, doth very effectually help the painful Piles or Hemorrhoids. The distilled Water of the Herb and Roots, is very good to al the purposes aforesaid, to be used as wel inwardly to drink, as outwardly to wash any sore places, or it healeth al manner of Wounds and Punctures and those foul Ulcers that arise by the French Pox.

[EDGENOTE:] Scaldings, Burnings, Hemorrhoids, Wounds, Ulcers, French Pox.

Mizaldus ads to this, that the Leavs laid under the Feet wil keep the Dogs from barking at you, Houndstongue becaus it tries the Tongue of Hounds, whether it be true or not I never tried yet I have cured the biting of a mad Dog with this only Medicine.

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